{
  "meta": {
    "schema_version": "1.0.0",
    "generated_at": "2026-07-21",
    "purpose": "Catalog of major public sources used for Sulfur Wire 5-year (2021–2026) encyclopedia context",
    "coverage_window": "2021-2026",
    "notes": "Open/public URLs preferred. Licensed PRA full feeds are listed as open-news or methodology pages only. No em dashes."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "vfpa-stats-2021-2023",
      "publisher": "Vancouver Fraser Port Authority",
      "title": "Statistics overview 2021 to 2023",
      "category": "port_statistics",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.portvancouver.com/sites/default/files/2024-08/Statistics-overview-2021-to-2023.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Fertilizer-category sulphur export tonnes by year; destination breakdowns for China, Australia, and others",
      "sulfur_exports_mt_cited": {
        "2021": 2.292,
        "2022": 2.787,
        "2023": 3.104
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "vfpa-stats-2023-v1a",
      "publisher": "Vancouver Fraser Port Authority",
      "title": "2023 Statistics overview (v1a)",
      "category": "port_statistics",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.portvancouver.com/sites/default/files/2024-10/2023-Stats-Overview-v1a-2024-03-22.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Alternate/earlier PDF cut of 2021–2023 cargo tables including sulphur"
    },
    {
      "id": "vfpa-stats-2023-2025",
      "publisher": "Vancouver Fraser Port Authority",
      "title": "2025 Statistics overview (2023–2025 tables)",
      "category": "port_statistics",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2023,
        2024,
        2025
      ],
      "url": "https://www.portvancouver.com/sites/default/files/2026-03/2025%20Statistics%20overview%20%28En%29.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Sulphur export tonnes 2023–2025; destination mix including US +191% in 2025",
      "sulfur_exports_mt_cited": {
        "2023": 3.104,
        "2024": 3.348,
        "2025": 3.507
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "vfpa-cargo-stats-hub",
      "publisher": "Vancouver Fraser Port Authority",
      "title": "Cargo statistics (landing page)",
      "category": "port_statistics",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.portvancouver.com/media/cargo-statistics",
      "what_it_provides": "Index of annual statistics overview PDFs and related cargo releases"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-mcs-2022-sulfur",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2022 — Sulfur",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021
      ],
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2022/mcs2022-sulfur.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "US production/shipments context; Tampa contract path for 2021; Gulf weather/hurricane impacts"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-mcs-2023-sulfur",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023 — Sulfur",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2022
      ],
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023-sulfur.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Tampa 2022 spike to $481/lt then Q4 $90/lt; US production and import reliance"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-mcs-2024-sulfur",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2024 — Sulfur",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2024/mcs2024-sulfur.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Tampa 2023 path ($90 → $55 trough → $102 Q4); Middle East supply and HPAL demand notes"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-mcs-2025-sulfur",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025 — Sulfur",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2024
      ],
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2025/mcs2025-sulfur.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Tampa 2024 path ($69 → $116 Q4); US production/shipments -5% estimate"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-mcs-2026-sulfur",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Sulfur",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025
      ],
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-sulfur.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Tampa 2025 path through early October $310/lt; US elemental production context; Canada import role"
    },
    {
      "id": "usgs-sulfur-statistics-hub",
      "publisher": "US Geological Survey",
      "title": "Sulfur statistics and information",
      "category": "usgs_mcs",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/sulfur-statistics-and-information",
      "what_it_provides": "Hub for MCS sulfur chapters, yearbooks, and related mineral data"
    },
    {
      "id": "aer-st3",
      "publisher": "Alberta Energy Regulator",
      "title": "ST3 Alberta Energy Resource Industries Monthly Statistics",
      "category": "aer",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.aer.ca/data-and-performance-reports/statistical-reports/st3",
      "what_it_provides": "Provincial supply/disposition statistics including sulfur; basis for inventory commentary via trade press"
    },
    {
      "id": "aer-st50",
      "publisher": "Alberta Energy Regulator",
      "title": "ST50 Gas Processing Plants",
      "category": "aer",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.aer.ca/data-and-performance-reports/statistical-reports/st50",
      "what_it_provides": "Gas plant list with licensed sulfur recovery efficiency; links to sulphur balance products"
    },
    {
      "id": "aer-sulphur-balance",
      "publisher": "Alberta Energy Regulator",
      "title": "Sulphur Balance Report (catalogue)",
      "category": "aer",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www1.aer.ca/productcatalogue/276.html",
      "what_it_provides": "Facility-level sulfur balance (daily Tableau / monthly CSV via catalogue; may be fee or account gated)"
    },
    {
      "id": "aer-statistical-reports-index",
      "publisher": "Alberta Energy Regulator",
      "title": "Statistical reports index",
      "category": "aer",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.aer.ca/data-and-performance-reports/statistical-reports",
      "what_it_provides": "Index of ST reports including ST3, ST13, ST39 oil sands plant stats"
    },
    {
      "id": "statcan-trade-hs2503",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "title": "Canadian International Merchandise Trade (CIMT) — HS 2503 sulphur",
      "category": "statcan",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data?subject_levels=71",
      "what_it_provides": "Canada export/import values and quantities for sulphur of all kinds (HS 2503 / 2503.10) by partner"
    },
    {
      "id": "statcan-cimt-dashboard",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "title": "Canadian International Merchandise Trade Web Application",
      "category": "statcan",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/trade/data",
      "what_it_provides": "Interactive merchandise trade queries for elemental sulfur export series"
    },
    {
      "id": "nrcan-cmy-sulfur-archive",
      "publisher": "Natural Resources Canada",
      "title": "Canadian Minerals Yearbook — Sulphur (historical)",
      "category": "statcan",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2007,
        2008
      ],
      "url": "https://natural-resources.canada.ca/sites/www.nrcan.gc.ca/files/mineralsmetals/pdf/mms-smm/busi-indu/cmy-amc/2008revu/pdf/sul-sou-eng.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Longer historical Alberta inventory context cited in Sulfur Wire inventory series (pre-2021 baseline)"
    },
    {
      "id": "wits-hs2503",
      "publisher": "World Bank WITS / UN Comtrade",
      "title": "WITS trade — HS 2503 Sulphur",
      "category": "wits",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025
      ],
      "url": "https://wits.worldbank.org/trade/comtrade/en/country/ALL/year/2023/tradeflow/Exports/partner/WLD/product/250300",
      "what_it_provides": "Cross-country export/import matrices for sulphur; partner and quantity/value series"
    },
    {
      "id": "wits-home",
      "publisher": "World Bank WITS",
      "title": "World Integrated Trade Solution (home)",
      "category": "wits",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://wits.worldbank.org/",
      "what_it_provides": "Query interface for Comtrade-based sulfur trade flows"
    },
    {
      "id": "comtrade-plus",
      "publisher": "UN Comtrade",
      "title": "UN Comtrade Database",
      "category": "wits",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://comtradeplus.un.org/",
      "what_it_provides": "Official merchandise trade microdata underlying WITS HS 2503 queries"
    },
    {
      "id": "cru-bcinsight-oil-sands-2026",
      "publisher": "CRU / BC Insight (open article)",
      "title": "Oil sands sulphur",
      "category": "cru_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2026/03/23/oil-sands-sulphur/",
      "what_it_provides": "Open trade commentary on Fort McMurray/Edmonton sulfur, Vancouver swing role, inventory logistics"
    },
    {
      "id": "cru-bcinsight-heartland-2026",
      "publisher": "CRU / BC Insight (open article)",
      "title": "Capacity increase at Heartland Sulphur",
      "category": "cru_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2026/01/28/capacity-increase-at-heartland-sulphur/",
      "what_it_provides": "Heartland remelt 700 t/d and path to ~1,700 t/d by end-2026"
    },
    {
      "id": "cru-bcinsight-melting-2026",
      "publisher": "CRU / BC Insight (open article)",
      "title": "Melting sulphur",
      "category": "cru_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2026/01/28/melting-sulphur/",
      "what_it_provides": "Canada destocking narrative; remelt capacity as symptom of inventory draw"
    },
    {
      "id": "cru-bcinsight-na-2020",
      "publisher": "CRU / BC Insight (open article)",
      "title": "North American sulphur",
      "category": "cru_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2019,
        2020
      ],
      "url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2020/03/31/north-american-sulphur/",
      "what_it_provides": "Pre-window stockpile baseline (~11.5 Mt year-end 2019; Syncrude-centric)"
    },
    {
      "id": "cru-group-home",
      "publisher": "CRU Group",
      "title": "CRU / BC Insight sulphur coverage hub",
      "category": "cru_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/",
      "what_it_provides": "Index of open sulphur articles; full Sulphur journal/Sulphur 365 remain licensed"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-alberta-inventories-2025",
      "publisher": "Argus Media (open news)",
      "title": "Alberta sulfur inventories fall as exports climb",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2024,
        2025
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2731279-alberta-sulfur-inventories-fall-as-exports-climb",
      "what_it_provides": "AER-linked Alberta closing stock 11.66 Mt July 2025; remelt/export cost context >$150/t"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-heartland-remelt-2025",
      "publisher": "Argus Media (open news)",
      "title": "Heartland ups re-melting capacity at Alberta terminal",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2755482-heartland-ups-re-melting-capacity-at-alberta-terminal",
      "what_it_provides": "Remelt 500→700 t/d; target 1,500 t/d end-2026; forming 4,500 t/d; remelt commissioned 2021"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-tampa-q3-2026",
      "publisher": "Argus Media (open news)",
      "title": "Tampa 3Q liquid sulphur price hits record $705/lt",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2851577-tampa-3q-liquid-sulphur-price-hits-record-705-lt",
      "what_it_provides": "Q3 2026 Tampa $705/lt vs Q2 $655/lt; Gulf spot vs molten bifurcation; Africa destinations"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-volatility-2022",
      "publisher": "Argus Media (open news)",
      "title": "Viewpoint: Sulfur volatility to wane as supply recovers",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2405506-viewpoint-sulfur-volatility-to-wane-as-supply-recovers",
      "what_it_provides": "USGC FOB >$440/t six-month range; Vancouver $478 then <$65/t; USGS Jan–Sep output"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-usgc-surplus-2023",
      "publisher": "Argus Media (open news)",
      "title": "Rising supply to weigh on USGC sulfur prices",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2462791-rising-supply-to-weigh-on-usgc-sulfur-prices",
      "what_it_provides": "USGC dry bulk midpoint ~$62.50/t mid-2023; Gulf sulfur output; Tampa settlement pressure"
    },
    {
      "id": "argus-sulphur-product",
      "publisher": "Argus Media",
      "title": "Argus Sulphur (product page)",
      "category": "argus_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.argusmedia.com/en/solutions/products/argus-sulphur",
      "what_it_provides": "Description of licensed Argus sulphur assessments (Vancouver, Gulf, Tampa, etc.); not a free price feed"
    },
    {
      "id": "platts-americas-sulfur-note",
      "publisher": "S&P Global Commodity Insights (Platts)",
      "title": "Platts proposes to update four Americas sulfur price assessments",
      "category": "platts_open",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.spglobal.com/commodity-insights/en/pricing-benchmarks/our-methodology/subscriber-notes/051425-platts-proposes-to-update-four-americas-sulfur-price-assessments",
      "what_it_provides": "Open subscriber-note methodology for Americas sulfur assessments including US Gulf dry bulk"
    },
    {
      "id": "keyera-cheecham-news",
      "publisher": "Keyera Corp.",
      "title": "Long-term sulphur services agreement and facilities expansion",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2019,
        2020,
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.keyera.com/investors/news/keyera-announces-long-term-sulphur-services-agreement-and-facilities-expansion/",
      "what_it_provides": "South Cheecham take-or-pay forming project announcement"
    },
    {
      "id": "keyera-aif-2022",
      "publisher": "Keyera Corp.",
      "title": "2022 Annual Information Form",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2020,
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.keyera.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/2022-Keyera-Annual-Information-Form.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Cheecham construction progress through 2021–2022; expected early-2023 ops (later Q3)"
    },
    {
      "id": "keyera-aif-2023",
      "publisher": "Keyera Corp.",
      "title": "2023 Annual Information Form",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.keyera.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/2023-Keyera-Annual-Information-Form.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "South Cheecham sulphur facilities commenced beginning of Q3 2023; 4,400 t/d forming"
    },
    {
      "id": "keyera-ye-2023",
      "publisher": "Keyera Corp.",
      "title": "2023 Year-End Report",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2023
      ],
      "url": "https://www.keyera.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/2023-Keyera-Year-End-Report.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Project cost (~$285m gross / ~$143m Keyera net) and Q3 start confirmation"
    },
    {
      "id": "keyera-aif-2025",
      "publisher": "Keyera Corp.",
      "title": "2025 Annual Information Form",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2023,
        2024,
        2025
      ],
      "url": "https://www.keyera.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/2025-Keyera-Annual-Information-Form.pdf",
      "what_it_provides": "Ongoing disclosure of South Cheecham JV sulfur facilities"
    },
    {
      "id": "heartland-news",
      "publisher": "Heartland Sulphur",
      "title": "Updates — remelt de-bottleneck and expansion",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.heartlandsulphur.com/news",
      "what_it_provides": "Company statement: +40% remelt, +1,000 t/d by end-2026, 4,500 t/d forming"
    },
    {
      "id": "heartland-services",
      "publisher": "Heartland Sulphur",
      "title": "Services / terminal description",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.heartlandsulphur.com/services",
      "what_it_provides": "Forming, molten rail, dual market (offshore / US) positioning"
    },
    {
      "id": "suncor-sulphur",
      "publisher": "Suncor Energy",
      "title": "Sulphur marketing page",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.suncor.com/en-ca/what-we-do/supply-and-trading/sulphur",
      "what_it_provides": ">800 kt/a marketable sulfur claim; locations and formed/molten channels"
    },
    {
      "id": "sultran-logistics",
      "publisher": "Sultran Ltd.",
      "title": "Logistics and terminal operations",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://www.sultran.com/our-services/logistics-terminal-operations/",
      "what_it_provides": "PCT and Vancouver Wharves berth specs and inland forming/rail network"
    },
    {
      "id": "pct-terminals",
      "publisher": "Pacific Coast Terminals",
      "title": "Terminal operations",
      "category": "company_filings",
      "years_of_coverage": [
        2021,
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025,
        2026
      ],
      "url": "https://pct.ca/our-services/terminal-operations/",
      "what_it_provides": "Port Moody berth 2 sulfur shiploading details"
    }
  ],
  "summary_by_category": {
    "port_statistics": 4,
    "usgs_mcs": 6,
    "aer": 4,
    "statcan": 3,
    "wits": 3,
    "cru_open": 5,
    "argus_open": 6,
    "platts_open": 1,
    "company_filings": 10
  }
}