[ { "year": 2016, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": null, "quantity_mt_millions": null, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "unavailable", "source": "USGS MCS world table not extracted for 2016 in this collect", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2017/", "note": null, "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2017, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": null, "quantity_mt_millions": null, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "unavailable", "source": "USGS MCS world table not extracted for 2017 in this collect", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2018/", "note": null, "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2018, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": null, "quantity_mt_millions": null, "unit": "MT", "form": "elemental_cru_context", "data_type": "industry_estimate", "source": "CRU / BC Insight (Shell Foothills plants produced 750 kt in 2018; national total not printed as single line)", "source_url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2020/03/31/north-american-sulphur/", "note": "National all-forms USGS print for 2018 not retained in currently fetched MCS sheets", "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2019, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4800000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.8, "unit": "MT", "form": "elemental", "data_type": "industry_estimate", "source": "CRU Group / BC Insight Canadian sulphur", "source_url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2021/01/31/canadian-sulphur/", "note": "Split: oil sands upgrading ~2.5; Alberta sour gas ~1.5; BC sour gas ~0.25; conventional refining ~0.6", "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2019, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 6940000, "quantity_mt_millions": 6.94, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2021 (world production table)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-sulfur.pdf", "note": "USGS later revised Canada all-forms series downward in subsequent MCS editions", "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2020, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 6300000, "quantity_mt_millions": 6.3, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2021 (estimate)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-sulfur.pdf", "note": "Superseded by later MCS revisions (~4.9 Mt in MCS 2022)", "preferred": false, "superseded": true, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2020, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4900000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.9, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2022 (revised)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2022/mcs2022-sulfur.pdf", "note": "Preferred revised print vs MCS 2021 estimate", "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2021, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4900000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.9, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2022 (estimate)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2022/mcs2022-sulfur.pdf", "note": null, "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2022, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4900000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.9, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2024", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2024/mcs2024-sulfur.pdf", "note": null, "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2023, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4980000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.98, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2025/mcs2025-sulfur.pdf", "note": null, "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2023, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4520000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.52, "unit": "MT", "form": "elemental", "data_type": "industry_estimate", "source": "CRU Group / BC Insight Canada sulphur exports", "source_url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2024/05/31/canadas-sulphur-exports/", "note": "Elemental; oil sands upgrading ~2.6; Alberta sour gas ~1.3; BC gas ~0.4; refining ~0.2", "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2024, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 5060000, "quantity_mt_millions": 5.06, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 (reported)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-sulfur.pdf", "note": null, "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2025, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 5000000, "quantity_mt_millions": 5, "unit": "MT", "form": "all_forms", "data_type": "verified_public", "source": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 (estimate)", "source_url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-sulfur.pdf", "note": null, "preferred": true, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" }, { "year": 2025, "region": "Canada", "quantity_mt": 4700000, "quantity_mt_millions": 4.7, "unit": "MT", "form": "elemental", "data_type": "industry_estimate", "source": "CRU Group / BC Insight Oil sands sulphur", "source_url": "https://www.bcinsight.crugroup.com/2026/03/23/oil-sands-sulphur/", "note": "Oil sands upgrading ~3.0 Mt (~63% of Canada elemental)", "preferred": false, "superseded": false, "ingested_at": "2026-07-22T20:42:26.934Z" } ]