USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025 estimated US sulfur production about 8.2 million tonnes in 2024, from 8.65 million tonnes in 2023, with world output near 85 million tonnes, from 85.8 million. Canada was about 5.0 million tonnes. Soft prices and steady refining and oil-sands balances defined the year before the 2025 rebound. The PDF is at https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2025/mcs2025-sulfur.pdf.
MCS 2026 later revised 2024 US all-forms to 8.32 million tonnes, world 83.9 million, Canada 5.06 million, unit-value $46.42 per tonne. The February 2024 desk item uses the MCS 2025 estimates that were the public frame through 2024. Both editions agree 2024 was softer and slightly lower than 2023 in US output.
Alberta recovered sulfur still leaves mainly through Vancouver. Canada's 5.0 million tonne MCS 2025 line is the recovered book that VFPA's 3.35 million tonne solid year and 900,000 tonnes of molten rail live inside. Steady oil-sands balances means Claus did not sprint. Forming and de-blocking, Cheecham after May, set how much of that 5.0 million left as cargo.
Tampa $69 open, USGS, is the price of those steady balances. Production easing 5 percent with shipments also estimated 5 percent below 2023 is a slightly tighter US domestic balance without 2022 psychology. Apparent consumption in the later MCS 2026 2024 line is 9.36 million tonnes.
World 85 million tonnes, later 83.9 million, is the flat planet. Kazakh and Saudi draws added tradeable tonnes inside that flatness. Canadian remelt waited on FOB.
HPAL and Middle East upgrades in the same MCS 2025 outlook are 2025's setup. February 2024 is 2024e's production print.
Licensed weekly grids are not restated.
Figures follow USGS MCS 2025, with MCS 2026 revisions noted as later.